Epidemiology
Caused by chikungunya virus and transmitted to humans by the bite of mosquitoes (Aedes sp), chikungunya virus is found in many parts of the world. Locally acquired chikungunya cases have not been reported in the US or territories since 2019.
Symptoms and Presentation
Most common symptoms include an often sudden and high fever, severe arthralgia, arthritis headache, myalgia, and rash.
Testing and Diagnosis
During the first 8 days of illness, chikungunya viral RNA is often identified in serum using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). IgM and IgG antibodies normally develop toward the end of the first week of illness.
Treatment
There is no effective antiviral treatment for chikungunya. Management focuses on supportive care (rest, fluids to prevent dehydration, and pain relievers such as acetaminophen or anti-inflammatory medications for joint pain).
Learn more about mosquito-borne illnesses
